The gun’s light weight meant that it could be easily moved by hand, and this mobility made it ideal for their purpose. It consisted of a small, disposable pre-loaded launch tube firing a high-explosive anti-tank warhead, and was intended to be operated by a single soldier. German antitank weapons are divided into several classes. However, by the early 1930s, it was apparent that horse-drawn artillery was obsolescent, and the gun was modified for motorized transport by substituting magnesium-alloy wheels with pneumatic tyres for the original spoked wooden wheels. The versatile carriage allowed the eighty-eight to be fired in a limited anti-tank mode when still on wheels, and to be completely emplaced in only two-and-a-half minutes. Additionally, the gun was also equipped with Panzergranate 40 APCR projectiles which had a hard tungsten core, in an attempt to penetrate the armor of the heavier KV-1 tank. The guns were also passed on to the forces of Germany’s allies fighting on the Eastern Front, such as the 3rd and 4th Romanian Army. The Panzerfaust is a hand-held, single-shot, shape-charged anti-tank weapon. This German 7.5 centimetre high velocity anti-tank gun was developed in 1939-1941 by Rheinmetall and used extensively from 1942-1945 during the Second World War. In addition there was an APCR shot for the PaK 40, a munition which eventually became very scarce. The warhead was accelerated to a speed of 28 m/s (92 ft/s), had a range of about 30 m (100 ft) and an armor penetration of up to 140 mm (5½ in) of plain steel. At this poi… German infantry anti-tank weapons (part 1) August 18 2018. The results of this study will interest armor buffs, wargamers and anyone with an interest in the effectiveness of weapons during the war. One informal test found that the Panzerfaust made an entry hole two and three-fourths inches in diameter (~7 cm), whereas the Panzerschreck made an entry hole at least one inch in diameter (~2.5 cm), and the Bazooka made an entry hole that was only a half-inch in diameter (~1.3 cm). Flag images indicative of country of origin and not necessarily primary operator. In order to avoid resetting progress, it is advised to play the chapter on easy difficulty and to not reload any checkpoints. The Panzerschreck was designed as a lightweight infantry anti-tank weapon and was an enlarged copy of the American bazooka. In April 1942, Wehrmacht had 44 guns in service. As the Pak 36 was gradually replaced, many were removed from their carriages and added to SdKfz 251 halftracks to be used as light anti-armour support. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. This book is an excellent work detailing the weapons and organizations of German Anti-tank troops. In the field, an alarming number of L/48 cartridge cases carrying the hotter charge failed to be ejected properly from the weapon’s semi-automatic breech, even on the first shot (in vehicles). The famous flak gun became one of the most feared anti-tank weapons of the Second World War, serving everywhere from the sands of North Africa to the snowy wastelands of the Russian front. There was a rule of thumb that said a squeeze bore adaptor could be expected to increase velocity and maximum range by about a third. German Anti-Tank Weapons: Panzerbuchse, Panzerfaust AND Panzerschreck (The Propaganda Photo Series) [De Vries, Guus] on Amazon.com. The weapon was shoulder-launched and fired a fin-stabilized rocket with a shaped-charge warhead.It was made in smaller numbers than the Panzerfaust, which was a disposable recoilless gun firing an anti-tank warhead. Entries are listed below in alphanumeric order (1-to-Z). The KwK 36 L/45 was the same gun but adapted as the main armament on several tanks, most notably the early models of the Panzer III. In practice about 1 metre of air gap was required to substantially reduce the penetrating capability of the warhead, thus skirts and sandbags were virtually entirely ineffective against Panzerschreck and Panzerfaust, but the additions did overburden the vehicle's engine, transmission, and suspension systems. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. The 10 cm (3.9 in) diameter of warhead was a shaped charge of 400 g (14 oz) of a 50:50 mix of TNT and tri-hexogen. To use the Panzerfaust, the soldier took off the safety, tucked the tube under his arm and aimed by aligning the target, the sight, and the top of the warhead. Rather than re-engineer the case, German Ordnance reduced the charge loading until the problem went away. Compared to the Bazooka and the Panzerschreck, it made a larger hole and produced massive spalling that killed or injured (burns, shrapnels) the crew and destroyed equipment. Puff, however, does not appear to have pursued his ideas as far as a working gun, and the idea lay dormant until taken up by a German engineer named Gerlich in the 1920s. Unlike the Americans' original M1 60 mm Bazooka and the Germans' own heavier 88 mm Panzerschreck tube-type rocket launchers based on the American ordnance piece, the Panzerfaust did not have a trigger. The section includes our reproduction Tellermines, Shells and Grenades, including Potato Mashers and Eggs. Image courtesy the German Federal Archive. German infantry anti-tank weapons (part 1) August 18 2018. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. The first development was the Krupp Sparführung (KpS) band-a bimetallic band of copper and soft iron, although zinc was sometimes added to dilute the copper and to assist in effecting the iron/copper joint. Rheinmetall-Borsig eventually became the most involved; the firm’s Dr Werner Banck, who took charge of development in late 1939, continued to work on it throughout the war and ultimately became one of the most knowledgeable men in the world on the subject of taper-bore guns. These bent blades straightened into position by themselves as soon as they left the launch tube. The army’s field weapons were of 10.5cm, 15cm and 21cm calibres, and the design philosophy ensured that a gun of given calibre and a howitzer of the next larger calibre were interchangeable on the same carriage, thus simplifying production, supply and maintenance. Examples of the American weapon were captured on Leyte. Világháború Hadtörténeti Portálja", "Molnár György: A szovjet hadsereg 1956-ban", Contemporary U.S. Intelligence Report on German Hollow-Charge Weapons, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panzerfaust&oldid=992485139, Articles with dead external links from February 2020, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from February 2020, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles needing additional references from May 2009, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020, Articles needing additional references from November 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 5 December 2020, at 14:37. The Imperial German Army’s first attempt to give the infantry a man-portable antitank weapon resulted in the company Waffenfabrik Mauser AG … As an anti-tank gun The MECAR 90mm light gun fires a 7.8 lb (3.54kg), 3.54 inch (90mm) HEAT round. This proved particularly disastrous during the Soviet encirclement (Operation Uranus) at the Battle of Stalingrad when these Romanian forces were targeted to bear the main Soviet armoured thrust. If you like this then take a look at our replica Panzerfaust rocket and … Owing to these conventional design limitations, the war initiated the examination of more and more unconventional solutions. During the Second World War, German designers were able to create highly sophisticated for that time anti-tank rocket launchers. The first pre-production guns were delivered in November 1941. This is a reprint of a British report, entitled Army Operational Research Group (AORG) Internal Memorandum No. In the Battle of Normandy, only 6% of British tank losses were from Panzerfaust fire despite the close-range combat in the bocage landscape. The German Army recognised the need for a more powerful form of anti-tank weapon and the design of a horse-drawn, 3.7 cm anti-tank gun (designated 3.7 cm Pak L/45) by Rheinmetall commenced in 1924 and the first guns were issued in 1928. The weapon, when correctly fired from the crook of the arm, could with its shaped charge warhead penetrate the armour of any armoured fighting vehicle of the period.[7]. [11], In urban combat later in the war in eastern Germany, about 70% of tanks destroyed were hit by Panzerfäuste or Panzerschrecks. German Anti-Tank Weapons: Panzerbuchse, Panzerfaust AND Panzerschreck (The Propaganda … Learn how your comment data is processed. This, in round figures, demands a four-fold increase in propellant quantity to obtain a 60% increase in muzzle velocity, and contains several disadvantages in the shape of erosive wear, redesign of the chamber and cartridge case, and economic production of the propellant. As a result, even the Polish Army had no idea about it until mobilization in the summer of 1939, just weeks before the start of the war. Our selection of WW2 German Anti-Tank Weapons and hand-held dummy explosives. It was difficult or impossible to move without an artillery tractor on boggy ground. [10] Much of this can be attributed not only to the size of the Panzerfaust's warhead but also its horn-like shape as opposed to the traditional cone-shaped warheads of the Bazooka and Panzerschreck. The section includes our reproduction Tellermines, Shells and Grenades, including Potato Mashers and Eggs. Anti-Tank / Anti-Material Rifles are categorized further here. An increase in chamber pressure combined with a moderate increase in barrel length will also increase velocity. [17], Plans and technical materials on the Panzerfaust were supplied to the Empire of Japan to assist with their development of an effective anti-tank weapon. ~ Medium German weapons of WWII: heavy machine guns, mortars, light anti-tank : Ckm wz.30. German Panzerfaust 30m Klien Barbarossa to ‘Berlog’ – Soviet Air Force, Rome Military mid-fourth century to the mid-third century BC, Rommel Recaptures Cyrenaica, January 1942, Russian Weapons, that are currently in service…, A Lesson of History: The Luftwaffe and Barbarossa. The main class comprises guns built specifically for antitank missions and falls into three groups—guns of conventional German design, guns built with tapered-bore tubes, and captured antitank weapons. Spelling is almost entertaining. 1 Artillery (U) dated August of 1955-this document was originally classified). The appearance of tracked armored monsters on the battlefield made a shocking impression on the German troops. The weapon's concepts may have played an important part in the development of the later Russian RPG weapon systems such as the RPG-2. German Panzerfaust 30m Klien They captured an ammunition dump of Panzerfäuste near Nijmegen, and used them through the Ardennes Offensive toward the end of the war. You can also find our stunning replicas of the Panzerfaust and Panzerschreck, both finished to a very high standard. Not surprisingly The Pak 36 began to be replaced by the new 5 cm Pak 38 in mid 1940. Well researched. From 1943, the lack of available replacements for the Wehrmacht began to become apparent, reducing the division’s TOE strength and introducing a new organization. The Soviet forces responded by installing spaced armour on their tanks from early 1945 onwards. Our selection of WW2 German Anti-Tank Weapons and hand-held dummy explosives. [17] After the war some 4,000 Panzerfäuste were adapted by the Polish Army in 1949, designated as PG-49. Flag images indicative of country of origin and not necessarily the primary operator. [15] The manual that came with the weapon upon delivery to the Finns included depictions of where to aim the weapon on the Soviet T-34 and US Sherman tank (which also saw service with Soviet troops from US Lend-Lease-supplied stocks). The Panzerfaust's direct ancestor was the similar, smaller-warhead Faustpatrone ordnance device. The first attempt was made by the Germans during World War I with the 13.2mm Tank-Gewehr Model 1918, a monster Mauser anti-tank rifle five and one-half feet long and weighing 40 pounds. [16], The Soviet army only incidentally used captured Panzerfäuste in 1944, but from beginning of 1945 many became available and were used during Soviet 1945 offensives, mostly in street fighting against buildings and covers. The Panzerfaust had limited range, limited stopping power, and required brave troops to draw deeply into a tank’s range to kill it, but it was still one of the more effective tank weapons of the war, and they instilled fear in Allied tank crews forced to drive against it. Towards the end of the war the taper bore concept was gradually discarded in favour of the squeeze bore designs, since these were a good deal easier to manufacture. [17] In February 1945 such use of captured Panzerfäuste was recommended in a directive by Marshall Georgiy Zhukov. The Panzerfaust was in use from 1943 until the end of the war. It had a pedal-like lever near the projectile that ignited the propellant when squeezed. When the increases in performance made available by increasing the barrel length and the size of the charge, and the provision of improved rifling and banding, had been taken to their extremes, it became necessary to explore less well-trodden paths. The Italian Social Republic (RSI) and the Government of National Unity (Hungary) also used the Panzerfaust. They were easily manufactured and designed to be cheap, one-use, throw away weapons to be used with little field training. This action makes the weapon recoilless. This velocity was available for about one year after the weapon’s introduction. Development of the Faustpatrone started in the summer of 1942 at the German company Hugo Schneider AG (HASAG) with the development of a smaller prototype called Gretchen ("little Greta") by a team headed by Dr. Heinrich Langweiler in Leipzig. Krupp responded with another prototype of the long-barreled 88 mm gun, which was further developed into the anti-tank and tank destroyer 8.8 cm Pak 43 gun, and turret-mounted 8.8 cm KwK 43 heavy tank gun. The new charge brought the muzzle velocity down to 750 m/s, or about 10 m/s higher than the original L/43 version of the weapon. In informal German use, the guns were universally known as the Acht-acht (“eight-eight”), a contraction of Acht-komma-acht Zentimeter (“8.8 cm”). Development of the original models led to a wide variety of guns. Velocities of as much as 1400mps (4595fps) had been achieved but it was felt that, bearing in mind wear-rates and dispersion at extreme ranges, service velocities of 1150-1200mps(3775- 3935fps) might be consistently reached. There was little or no performance advantage, merely an economy of copper. anti-tank weapons This section includes panzerfausts, PIAT & bombs, 2.36" bazooka rockets, 3.5" bazooka & rockets, other various rockets, anti-tank grenades, and anti-tank rifle ammunition. The appearance of tracked armored monsters on the battlefield made a shocking impression on the German troops. The demands of war soon spoiled this arrangement. Modern anti-tank missiles such as AGM-114R, Spike, Javelin and TOW provide armed forces with the capability to stop a heavily armoured tank in its tracks. The table lists armour penetration values for German infantry anti-tank weapons as well as German guns at 0 to 100 meters range and 0 degrees inclination of armour. This caused several German generals to comment sarcastically that the empty launch-tubes could then be used as clubs in hand-to-hand combat. However the warheads were too small to be effective and the pistols were not accurate at any range. German Anti-Tank Weapons: Panzerbuchse, Panzerfaust AND Panzerschreck (The Propaganda Photo Series) [De Vries, Guus] on Amazon.com. [citation needed]. German Anti-Tank Weapons: Panzerbuchse, Panzerfaust AND Panzerschreck (The … As for the PaK 40, the desire for commonality again appears to have prevailed since the APCBC charge was reduced to 750 m/s, even though case ejection failures apparently were never a problem in the PaK version of the gun. [6] The Panzerfaust often had warnings written in large red letters on the upper rear end of the tube, the words usually being "Achtung. There are a total of [ 132 ] Anti-Tank Weapons entries in the Military Factory. When used against tanks, the Panzerfaust had an impressive beyond-armour effect. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Developed from a flare pistol this German anti-tank weapon was used in WWII and intended to fire a small shaped warhead to defeat the armor on tanks. The main differences amongst the rounds fired by 75 mm German guns were in the length and shape of the cartridge cases for the PaK 40. These related guns served as the main armament of tanks such as the Tiger I: the 8.8 cm KwK 36, with the “KwK” abbreviation standing for KampfwagenKanone (“fighting vehicle cannon”). Development of the PaK 40 began in 1939 with development contracts being placed with Krupp and Rheinmetall to develop a 7.5 cm anti-tank gun. The second simple method is to increase the length of the barrel, thus keeping the projectile exposed to the accelerating effect of the exploding propellant for a longer time. The synopsis provided indicates very little difference in the guns, meaning the upgrade had little if any benefit. 30-4-4, “Foreign Military Weapons and Equipment (U) Vol. Making a tapered and rifled gun barrel was no easy task, even with sophisticated machine tools, whereas production of a smoothbore `squeeze’ extension to fit the muzzle of an otherwise standard gun was much less exacting and less wasteful of time and material. The maximum range is 3,800yards German infantry first encountered tanks. The equipment, which will be delivered in three stages, will include 30 anti-tank missiles, 16,000 assault rifles, 8,000 pistols as well as portable anti-tank rocket launchers, the defence ministry said. It was the PaK 40 which formed the backbone of German anti-tank guns for the latter part of World War II. "armor fist" or "tank fist", plural: Panzerfäuste) was an inexpensive, single shot, recoilless German anti-tank weapon of World War II. anti-tank weapons This section includes panzerfausts, PIAT & bombs, 2.36" bazooka rockets, 3.5" bazooka & rockets, other various rockets, anti-tank grenades, and anti-tank rifle ammunition. It was widely used by Germany throughout the war, and was one of the most recognized German weapons of the war. The original idea was patented in 1903 by Carl Puff and the drawings accompanying the specification (British Patent 8601 of 27th August 1904) show a projectile almost identical to those later developed in Germany. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. The resulting weapon was the Panzerfaust 30, with a total weight of 5.1 kilograms (11.2 lb) and total length of 104.5 centimetres (3.4 ft). Image courtesy the German Federal Archive. An example of this was the sudden flurry of activity in the anti-tank field consequent upon the appearance of the virtually unstoppable Soviet T34 tank. The 7.5 cm PaK 40 (7.5 cm Panzerabwehrkanone 40) was the next generation of anti-tank gun to see service. The Panzerschreck was designed as a lightweight infantry anti-tank weapon and was an enlarged copy of the American bazooka. Development of the original models led to a wide variety of guns. German infantry first encountered tanks. The nickname Ur was coined allegedly because of the intention to export them to Uruguay as “surveillance equipment”. This was an expensive and complicated solution, suited only to large weapons produced in limited numbers, and much research was begun to try and overcome the torque defect of the copper driving band, with the additional incentive of trying to find a material in less critical supply. MG 34 : MG 42 : MG 08 HMG: Panzerschreck: Granatwerfer Mortar ~ Heavy German weapons of WWII: artillery, rockets, missiles : 88mm gun: V-2 rocket ^Top After firing, the tube was discarded, making the Panzerfaust the first disposable anti-tank weapon. Development began in 1942 on a larger version of the Faustpatrone. The PaK 38 was first used by the German forces during the Second World War in April 1941. Entries are listed below in alphanumeric order (1-to-Z). The Panzerfaust (lit. New Made Item: A detailed history and analysis of the German WWII manufactured Panzerbusche, Panzerfaust and Panzerscreck weapons. The final development was the Sintereisen (FeS) wintered iron band, formed from small iron particles bonded together under intense pressure to form a malleable band. If you like this then take a look at our replica Panzerfaust rocket and … Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. However, the Japanese went with a different design, the Type 4, loosely based upon the American Bazooka. The famous flak gun became one of the most feared anti-tank weapons of the Second World War, serving everywhere from the sands of North Africa to the snowy wastelands of the Russian front. What if Eisenhower Had Driven On to Berlin? In 1943, the introduction of the Stielgranate 41 shaped charge meant that the Pak 36 could now penetrate any armour, although the low velocity of the projectile limited its range. There are a total of [ 132 ] Anti-Tank Weapons entries in the Military Factory. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. One interesting result was the discovery that, while copper bands resulted in the gun barrel wearing out first at the chamber end of the rifling, FeS bands promoted wear at the muzzle since the coefficient of friction was directly proportional to the velocity. It formed the basis for many other nations’ anti-tank guns during the first years of World War II. The table lists armour penetration values for German infantry anti-tank weapons as well as … Around 23,500 PaK 40 were produced, and about 6,000 more were used to arm tank destroyers. The weapon was shoulder-launched and fired a fin-stabilized rocket with a shaped-charge warhead.It was made in smaller numbers than the Panzerfaust, which was a disposable recoilless gun firing an anti-tank warhead. Nicknamed Ur-38,it was a Polish-made firearm and one of the first of its kind. 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